A law earns its place by clarifying how a pattern is produced, not only by naming it.
DOMAIN 0117 PUBLISHED GUIDES
Nature & Cosmos
Laws describing matter, space, planetary systems, living processes, and the large-scale structure of reality.
CENTRAL QUESTION
How does the physical world behave across scale?
- Working scale
- Particles to galaxies
- Primary lens
- Measurement + mathematical models
17Published
05Defined subfields
FULLSource standard
ENEditorial language
SUBCATEGORY MAP
The field at a glance.
Each subfield has a distinct object of study. Published areas are active now; planned areas show how the collection will grow.
01
Physics
PublishedMatter, energy, motion, fields, and fundamental interactions.
02
Chemistry
PublishedComposition, reaction, equilibrium, bonding, and molecular change.
03
Cosmos
PublishedOrigins, expansion, gravitation, stars, and large-scale structure.
04
Earth Systems
PublishedClimate, geology, oceans, atmosphere, and planetary cycles.
05
Life & Evolution
PublishedAdaptation, inheritance, ecology, and living organization.
PUBLISHED GUIDES
In Nature & Cosmos
Every guide includes meaning, mechanism, applications, limitations, related concepts, and traceable references.
Cosmos005
Empirical cosmological relation
Hubble-Lemaitre Law
On sufficiently large scales, the farther away a galaxy is, the faster cosmic expansion carries it away from us.
Physics013
Fundamental thermodynamic principle
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Entropy, irreversibility, heat-engine limits, statistical mechanics, open systems, information, and the arrow of time.
Physics017
Foundational mechanics framework
Newton's Laws of Motion
Motion changes when forces act: inertia defines natural motion, net force determines acceleration, and interactions come in paired forces.
Cosmos025
Planetary motion framework
Kepler's Laws
Planets follow ellipses, sweep equal areas in equal times, and obey a precise relation between orbital size and orbital period.
Life & Evolution026
Classical inheritance model
Mendel's Laws
Alleles segregate into gametes, and alleles at different loci can assort independently when biological linkage does not couple them.
Earth Systems031
Earthquake magnitude-frequency relation
Gutenberg-Richter Law
In many regions and time windows, the cumulative number of earthquakes decreases approximately tenfold for each unit increase in magnitude.
Earth Systems037
Empirical aftershock-decay relation
Omori-Utsu Law
Aftershock occurrence rates commonly decline approximately as an inverse power of elapsed time after a mainshock.
Physics042
Linear constitutive relation for electrical conduction
Ohm's Law
Across an ohmic element at fixed physical conditions, voltage is proportional to current and resistance is the constant of proportionality.
Life & Evolution043
Population-genetic equilibrium baseline
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Under random mating and absent evolutionary forces, allele frequencies remain constant and diploid genotype frequencies follow p squared, 2pq, and q squared.
Physics047
Mechanical-energy relation along fluid flow
Bernoulli's Principle
Along a steady streamline in an ideal incompressible flow, pressure, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy trade while their sum remains constant.
Physics052
Linear elastic constitutive relation
Hooke's Law
Within an elastic system's linear range, deformation is proportional to the load that produces it; remove the load and the system returns to its original configuration.
Physics053
Electrostatic inverse-square relation
Coulomb's Law
The electrostatic force between two ideal point charges grows with the product of their charges and falls with the square of their separation.
Physics057
Geometric-optics refraction relation
Snell's Law
When a ray crosses a uniform boundary between two optical media, its incident and refracted angles are linked by the media's refractive indices.
Physics058
Electromagnetic induction law
Faraday's Law of Induction
A changing magnetic flux through a circuit produces an electromotive force around that circuit; its direction opposes the change that produced it.
Physics062
Equation of state for an ideal gas
Ideal Gas Law
For a dilute equilibrium gas with negligible molecular volume and interactions, pressure, volume, amount, and absolute temperature are linked by one equation of state.
Chemistry063
Qualitative equilibrium-response principle
Le Chatelier's Principle
When an equilibrium system is disturbed, its composition shifts in the direction that partially counteracts the imposed change under the new constraints.
Physics073
Thermal-radiation law
Stefan-Boltzmann Law
The total electromagnetic power emitted per unit area by an ideal blackbody rises with the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
CROSS-DOMAIN LINKS
No field stands alone.
These connections show where the domain borrows methods, mechanisms, or evidence from the rest of the library.
Scientific status, operating range, evidence quality, and common misuse stay visible.
Original publications, official records, and serious scholarship take priority.